Van der Waals equation

To more accurately describe the behavior of real gases at low temperatures, a Van der Waals gas model was created, taking into account the forces of intermolecular interaction. In this model, internal energy becomes a function not only of temperature, but also of molar volume.

The Van der Waals equation is one of the well-known approximate equations of state describing the properties of a real gas, having a compact form and taking into account the main characteristics of a gas with intermolecular interaction.

Notation:

1. \(R\) (R) is molar_gas_constant.

Links:

1. Wikipedia.

pressure

Pressure in the van der Waals fluid.

Symbol:

p

molar_volume

Volume of the van der Waals fluid per unit amount of substance.

Symbol:

V_m

Latex:

\(V_m\)

temperature

temperature of the van der Waals fluid.

Symbol:

T

Latex:

\(T\)

Dimension:

temperature

attractive_forces_parameter

Parameter of the van der Waals equation denoting the magnitude of attractive forces between gas molecules.

Symbol:

a

excluded_volume_parameter

Parameter of the van der Waals equation denoting an excluded molar volume due to a finite size of molecules.

Symbol:

b

law

(p + a / V_m^2) * (V_m - b) = R * T

Latex:

\[\left( p + \frac{a}{V_m^2} \right) (V_m - b) = R T\]