**Microstrip lines**
====================

*Microstrip* is a type of electrical transmission line which can be fabricated with
any technology where a conductor is separated from a ground plane by a dielectric
layer known as "substrate". Microstrip lines are used to convey microwave-frequency signals.

By design, the microstrip line is a dielectric substrate on which a metal strip is
applied.

When a wave propagates along a microstrip line, part of the field goes out, since the
microstrip line does not have metal borders on all sides, unlike, for example,
rectangular waveguides.

.. _effective_permittivity_microstrip_line_def:

**Effective permittivity of microstrip line**

Imagine an environment in which the field will have the same magnitude as the field of a
microstrip line. The (relative) permittivity of such a medium will be called the
*effective (relative) permittivity* of the line. See image below.

.. image:: https://eng.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/32882/clipboard_e8077f08c36f6e3a3117a0494b2a78a97.png?revision=1
    :height: 150px
    :align: center

.. _effective_width_microstrip_line_def:

**Effective width of microstrip line**

*Effective width* of a microstrip line is the width of such a flat capacitor, the
electric intensity between the plates of which is equal to the electric intensity in the
dielectric of the substrate under the line strip.

.. py:currentmodule:: symplyphysics.laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines

**Contents:**

.. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 4


    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.attenuation_coefficient_in_dielectric_substrate_of_microstrip_line
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.attenuation_coefficient_in_metal_of_microstrip_line_for_width_greater_thickness
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.attenuation_coefficient_in_metal_of_microstrip_line_for_width_less_thickness_first
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.attenuation_coefficient_in_metal_of_microstrip_line_for_width_less_thickness_second
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.effective_permittivity_for_microstrip_line_for_width_greater_thickness
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.effective_permittivity_for_microstrip_line_for_width_less_thickness
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.effective_permittivity_for_microstrip_line_from_frequency
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.effective_width_for_microstrip_line_for_width_greater_thickness
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.effective_width_for_microstrip_line_for_width_less_thickness
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.inductance_of_the_microstrip_line_strip
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.microstrip_line_resistance
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.short_circuit_inductance_of_microstrip_line
    laws.electricity.circuits.transmission_lines.microstrip_lines.wave_resistance_of_microstrip_line_from_frequency